The interaction of a dam, its foundation and the adjacent reservoir may alter the actual behaviour of the dam considerably than what is obtained from the consideration of the dam alone. As a result, a reasonably accurate model for the dam-foundation-reservoir interaction system with computational validity and efficiency is required for design of a concrete dam or to check its stability in highly seismic regions. A dam should be designed taking into account the anticipated earthquake forces so that they can safely withstand future shocks without serious damage, since the failure of a dam is often more disastrous to a community than other structures. This paper aims to provide the possible alternative idealisation and modelling of a dam-reservoir-foundation system that have been used till date, stating the advantages and disadvantages, to enable a designer or a researcher to adopt the right technique.
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