Since the review of a hydraulic model test in March 2001 illustrated tremendous errors in comparison with the ‘real’ situation at one of the largest dams in Iran, the use of a first novel computer simulation has proven to be very accurate. Using complex mixed CFD (computational fluid dynamics) theory and the theory of mass fraction, a complete computer simulation of flow (water & air) in bottom outlets has been investigated. The method can help designers to accurately estimate velocities and pressures of the mixed flow in bottom outlets for large dams with minimum cost.
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